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101.
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103.
苏浙沪碳排放影响因素分解及比较分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
基于苏浙沪地区1998年~2008年时间序列数据,根据碳排放量的基本等式,计算出苏浙沪地区总的碳排放及单位GDP碳排放,并运用LMDI因素分解模型,横向分析人口数量、经济规模、行业碳排放强度及行业产出份额对苏浙沪地区整个碳排放变化的影响情况,纵向比较国民经济六大部门的行业碳排放强度变化对碳排放的贡献率。研究表明:江浙沪地区的单位GDP碳排放逐步减少,碳排放的增速与GDP增速关系密切,经济增长是碳排放量变化的主要拉动因素,行业碳排放强度变化抑制了CO2的排放,尤其工业部门的贡献最大。 相似文献
104.
Effects of age, need for cognition, and affective intensity on advertising effectiveness 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper explores how individual characteristics of age, need for cognition (NFC), and affective intensity (AI) interact with each other and with advertising appeal frames (i.e., rational, positive-emotional, negative-emotional) to influence ad attitudes, involvement, and recall. The mixed design study reveals that younger adults recall emotional messages, especially negative ones, better than rational ones, but recall does not differ for older adults across appeal frames. Older adults prefer rational and positive messages to negative-emotional messages but ad attitudes do not differ among younger adults across appeal frames. Finally, age interacts with AI, but not NFC, to influence ad responsiveness. Both age and AI influence ad attitudes such that older adults exhibit the most positive ad attitudes across all appeal frames. 相似文献
105.
使用非竞争型投入产出表,核算了我国1976-2004年制造业28个行业6种污染物进出口隐含污染的BEET指标值和PTT指标值,并分析了我国进出口隐含污染的规模效应和结构效应。研究结果表明,我国进口和出口的规模效应为正且逐年增长,20世纪90年代以后出口规模效应逐渐大于进口规模效应;出口的结构效应基本小于零,进口的结构效应不明确,我国的产业结构调整和升级可能有利于减少我国进出口的净隐含污染量。此外,制造业出口隐含污染主要来源于纺织、塑料、机械设备和工业化学这四个行业。 相似文献
106.
文章以福布斯2008年排行榜全球2000家企业在中国设立的地区总部为研究对象,对其分布的特征及决定因素进行了研究。研究发现:在分布特征上,跨国公司地区总部在我国呈现出了地区集聚(96%集中于北京、上海两个城市)和国别集聚(73.9%集中于美日等6个国家)的特点;在决定因素上,最为显著的指标是城市大小与人口规模、第三产业占GDP比重和信息传递水平。研究还表明:跨国公司在我国选择非政治、商业、金融中心的城市时,表现得极为谨慎;同时,全球仅有34.3%的跨国公司在我国设立地区总部,说明世界各国在我国的投资强度目前仍较弱。 相似文献
107.
利用湖南省1980-2010年雷暴日数据、2008-2013年闪电数据,分析了湖南省雷暴和闪电变化特征。结果表明:湖南省属于雷暴多发区,年平均雷暴日数分布呈南高北低的趋势,沿雪峰山有个相对高值区,平均雷暴日数在30d到70d之间。湖南省6年的年平均闪电条数35万余条,雷电高发时段为4-9月,其中7月是全年闪电活动最密集的月份。春季(3-5月)闪电逐时分布呈现双峰型,高峰值出现在02时、17时,夏季(6-8月)闪电多集中在下午15-17时,秋季(9月)高峰期集中在15-16时。湖南省闪电密度分布和闪电强度分布,高值区均在娄底、郴州,全省闪电主要强度分布在20-80kA。 相似文献
108.
Zbigniew Szkutnik 《Metrika》2000,52(1):1-26
Quasi-maximum likelihood histogram sieve estimators of the intensity function of an indirectly observed Poisson process are
studied. The setup differs from the standard one in that the exact form of the folding operator may not be known. Instead,
approximate knowledge on its discretized version is available. Conditions for strong L
2-consistency are given and admissible discretization rates are studied. In non-folding problems, the number of histogram bins
may essentially increase at the usual maximal rate while folding reduces the allowed discretization rates. It is shown that,
even in moderately ill-posed problems, the discretization effects may be critical for the strong L
2-convergence and that there is an essential need both for further regularization and for imposing stronger conditions on the
estimated function. Not surprisingly, the most restrictive factor is the low approximation power of piecewise constant functions.
A regularization method is proposed which suitably modifies the discrete approximation of the folding operator and ensures
the strong consistency. Since no penalty term is being introduced, the EM algorithm can be used in its factorized, efficient
form. Convergence rates are obtained in terms of the discrete problem.
Received: July 1999 相似文献
109.
While many third‐party organizations are practically evaluating corporate environmental performance (CEP), few academic studies have paid attention to third‐party environmental performance evaluation (EPE). To answer the question of what should be measured for third‐party EPE, we develop an environmental performance measurement (EPM) model consisting of environmental management performance (EMP) and environmental operational performance (EOP), and hypothesize that EMP be measured by four management performance indicators (MPIs: organizational system, stakeholder relations, operational countermeasures and environmental tracking) and EOP be measured by two operational performance indicators (OPIs: inputs and outputs). Further, to answer the question of how to enable third‐party EPE comparable across companies from different (sub‐)sectors, we propose to use the environmental intensity change index (EICI) as a measure of OPIs. Empirical tests confirm that the EICI and the evaluation based on it are comparable across companies from different sub‐sectors. Empirical tests also support the existence of the MPIs and OPIs and the two‐dimensioned constructs of CEP. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment. 相似文献
110.
In this article, we introduce the so-called stochastic conditionalintensity (SCI) model by extending Russells (1999) autoregressiveconditional intensity (ACI) model by a latent common dynamicfactor that jointly drives the individual intensity components.We show by simulations that the proposed model allows for awide range of (cross-)autocorrelation structures in multivariatepoint processes. The model is estimated by simulated maximumlikelihood (SML) using the efficient importance sampling (EIS)technique. By modeling price intensities based on NYSE trading,we provide significant evidence for a joint latent factor andshow that its inclusion allows for an improved and more parsimoniousspecification of the multivariate intensity process. 相似文献